1 // Rust-101, Part 14: Slices, Arrays, External Dependencies
2 // ========================================================
7 pub fn sort<T: PartialOrd>(data: &mut [T]) {
8 if data.len() < 2 { return; }
10 // We decide that the element at 0 is our pivot, and then we move our cursors through the rest of the slice,
11 // making sure that everything on the left is no larger than the pivot, and everything on the right is no smaller.
13 let mut rpos = data.len();
14 /* Invariant: pivot is data[0]; everything with index (0,lpos) is <= pivot;
15 [rpos,len) is >= pivot; lpos < rpos */
17 // **Exercise 14.1**: Complete this Quicksort loop. You can use `swap` on slices to swap two elements. Write a
18 // test function for `sort`.
22 // Once our cursors met, we need to put the pivot in the right place.
25 // Finally, we split our slice to sort the two halves. The nice part about slices is that splitting them is cheap:
26 let (part1, part2) = data.split_at_mut(lpos);
30 // **Exercise 14.2**: Since `String` implements `PartialEq`, you can now change the function `output_lines` in the previous part
31 // to call the sort function above. If you did exercise 13.1, you will have slightly more work. Make sure you sort by the matched line
32 // only, not by filename or line number!
34 // Now, we can sort, e.g., an vector of numbers.
35 fn sort_nums(data: &mut Vec<i32>) {
41 let mut array_of_data: [f64; 5] = [1.0, 3.4, 12.7, -9.12, 0.1];
42 sort(&mut array_of_data);
45 // ## External Dependencies
48 // I disabled the following module (using a rather bad hack), because it only compiles if `docopt` is linked.
49 // Remove the attribute of the `rgrep` module to enable compilation.
50 #[cfg(feature = "disabled")]
52 // Now that `docopt` is linked, we can first add it to the namespace with `extern crate` and then import shorter names with `use`.
53 // We also import some other pieces that we will need.
55 use self::docopt::Docopt;
56 use part12::{run, Options, OutputMode};
59 // The `USAGE` string documents how the program is to be called. It's written in a format that `docopt` can parse.
60 static USAGE: &'static str = "
61 Usage: rgrep [-c] [-s] <pattern> <file>...
64 -c, --count Count number of matching lines (rather than printing them).
65 -s, --sort Sort the lines before printing.
68 // This function extracts the rgrep options from the command-line arguments.
69 fn get_options() -> Options {
70 // This parses `argv` and exit the program with an error message if it fails. The code is taken from the [`docopt` documentation](http://burntsushi.net/rustdoc/docopt/). <br/>
71 let args = Docopt::new(USAGE).and_then(|d| d.parse()).unwrap_or_else(|e| e.exit());
72 // Now we can get all the values out.
73 let count = args.get_bool("-c");
74 let sort = args.get_bool("-s");
75 let pattern = args.get_str("<pattern>");
76 let files = args.get_vec("<file>");
78 println!("Setting both '-c' and '-s' at the same time does not make any sense.");
82 // We need to make the strings owned to construct the `Options` instance.
86 OutputMode::SortAndPrint
91 files: files.iter().map(|file| file.to_string()).collect(),
92 pattern: pattern.to_string(),
97 // Finally, we can call the `run` function from the previous part on the options extracted using `get_options`. Edit `main.rs` to call this function.
98 // You can now use `cargo run -- <pattern> <files>` to call your program, and see the argument parser and the threads we wrote previously in action!
104 // **Exercise 14.3**: Wouldn't it be nice if rgrep supported regular expressions? There's already a crate that does all the parsing and matching on regular
105 // expression, it's called [regex](https://crates.io/crates/regex). Add this crate to the dependencies of your workspace, add an option ("-r") to switch
106 // the pattern to regular-expression mode, and change `filter_lines` to honor this option. The documentation of regex is available from its crates.io site.
107 // (You won't be able to use the `regex!` macro if you are on the stable or beta channel of Rust. But it wouldn't help for our use-case anyway.)