footnote on the immuability point

diff --git a/personal/_posts/2023-06-02-tree-borrows.md b/personal/_posts/2023-06-02-tree-borrows.md
index ef7f8034e4e0c148ae599e8ae05ddf1fa7e2c7a0..46aab46fc04691bc061c4058d159a2cdbe1f0ac0 100644 (file)
--- a/personal/_posts/2023-06-02-tree-borrows.md
+++ b/personal/_posts/2023-06-02-tree-borrows.md
@@ -152,9 +152,11 @@ First of all, another [major issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/unsafe-code-gui
 This falls out of how TB handles the aliasing allowed with `UnsafeCell`: they are treated like casts to raw pointers, so reborrowing an `&Cell<i32>` just inherits the tag (and therefore the permissions) of the parent pointer.
 
 More controversially, TB also changes how precisely things become read-only when an `&T` involves `UnsafeCell` somewhere inside `T`.
 This falls out of how TB handles the aliasing allowed with `UnsafeCell`: they are treated like casts to raw pointers, so reborrowing an `&Cell<i32>` just inherits the tag (and therefore the permissions) of the parent pointer.
 
 More controversially, TB also changes how precisely things become read-only when an `&T` involves `UnsafeCell` somewhere inside `T`.

-In particular, for `&(i32, Cell<i32>)`, TB allows mutating *both* fields, including the first field which is a regular `i32`, since it just treats the entire reference as "this allows aliasing".
+In particular, for `&(i32, Cell<i32>)`, TB allows mutating *both* fields, including the first field which is a regular `i32`, since it just treats the entire reference as "this allows aliasing".[^1]

 In contrast, SB actually figured out that the first 4 bytes are read-only and only the last 4 bytes allow mutation via aliased pointers.
 
 In contrast, SB actually figured out that the first 4 bytes are read-only and only the last 4 bytes allow mutation via aliased pointers.
 

+[^1]: This does not mean that we bless such mutation! It just means that the compiler cannot use immutability of the first field for its optimizations. Basically, immutability of that field becomes a [safety invariant instead of a validity invariant]({% post_url 2018-08-22-two-kinds-of-invariants %}): when you call foreign code, you can still rely on it not mutating that field, but within the privacy of your own code you are allowed to mutate it.
+

 The reason for this design decision is that the general philosophy with TB was to err on the side of allowing more code, having less UB (which is the opposite direction than what I used with SB).
 This is a deliberate choice to uncover as much of the design space as we can with these two models.
 Of course we wanted to make sure that TB still allows all the desired optimizations, and still has enough UB to justify the LLVM IR that rustc generates -- those were our "lower bounds" for the minimum amount of UB we need.
 The reason for this design decision is that the general philosophy with TB was to err on the side of allowing more code, having less UB (which is the opposite direction than what I used with SB).
 This is a deliberate choice to uncover as much of the design space as we can with these two models.
 Of course we wanted to make sure that TB still allows all the desired optimizations, and still has enough UB to justify the LLVM IR that rustc generates -- those were our "lower bounds" for the minimum amount of UB we need.