// understand that Rust is an "expression-based" language. This means that most of the
// terms you write down are not just *statements* (executing code), but *expressions*
// (returning a value). This applies even to the body of entire functions!
-//
+
// For example, consider `sqr`:
fn sqr(i: i32) -> i32 { i * i }
// Between the curly braces, we are giving the *expression* that computes the return value.
// So we can just write `i * i`, the expression that returns the square if `i`!
// This is very close to how mathematicians write down functions (but with more types).
-//
+
// Conditionals are also just expressions. You can compare this to the ternary `? :` operator
// from languages like C.
fn abs(i: i32) -> i32 { if i >= 0 { i } else { -i } }
}
}
-// With this fresh knowledge, let us now refactor `vec_min`. First of all, we are doing a small change
-// to the type: `&Vec<i32>` denotes a *reference* to a `Vec<i32>`. You can think of this as a pointer
-// (in C terms): Arguments in Rust are passed *by value*, so we need to employ explicit references if
-// that's not what we want. References are per default immutable (like variables), a mutable reference
-// would be denoted `&mut Vec<i32>`.
-fn vec_min(v: &Vec<i32>) -> NumberOrNothing {
+// With this fresh knowledge, let us now refactor `vec_min`.
+fn vec_min(v: Vec<i32>) -> NumberOrNothing {
let mut min = Nothing;
for e in v {
- let e = *e;
// Notice that all we do here is compute a new value for `min`, and that it will always end
// up being a `Number` rather than `Nothing`. In Rust, the structure of the code
- // can express this uniformity as follows:
+ // can express this uniformity.
min = Number(match min {
Nothing => e,
Number(n) => std::cmp::min(n, e)
// So much for `vec_min`. Let us now reconsider `print_number_or_nothing`. That function
// really belongs pretty close to the type `NumberOrNothing`. In C++ or Java, you would
// probably make it a method of the type. In Rust, we can achieve something very similar
-// by providing an *inherent implementation* as follows:
+// by providing an *inherent implementation*.
impl NumberOrNothing {
fn print(self) {
match self {
}
pub fn part_main() {
let vec = read_vec();
- let min = vec_min(&vec);
+ let min = vec_min(vec);
min.print();
}
// You will have to replace `part00` by `part01` in the `main` function in
// `main.rs` to run this code.
// **Exercise**: Write a funtion `vec_avg` that computes the average value of a `Vec<i32>`.
+//
// *Hint*: `vec.len()` returns the length of a vector `vec`.
// [index](main.html) | [previous](part00.html) | [next](part02.html)