1 # git-mirror: Sync your git repositories
5 [git-mirror](https://www.ralfj.de/projects/git-mirror) is a tool to keep
6 multiple git repositories of the same project in sync. Whenever something is
7 pushed to any repository, the commits will immediately be forwarded to all the
8 others. The tool assumes to run on a server hosting one of these repositories -
9 so there has to be at least one you can control. A typical use-case would be
10 your own [gitolite](http://gitolite.com/gitolite/index.html) installation, that
11 you want to keep in sync with [GitHub](https://github.com/).
15 This describes how you set up git-mirror on a server running gitolite. For other
16 git hosting software, please consult the respective documentation on adding git
17 hooks. I will assume that gitolite is installed to `/home/git/gitolite`, that
18 the repositories are sitting in `/home/git/repositories`, and that git-mirror
19 has been cloned to `/home/git/git-mirror`.
21 First of all, you need to create a file called `git-mirror.conf` in the
22 `git-mirror` directory. For now, it only needs to contain a single line:
24 mail-sender = git@example.com
26 We will also need to add hooks to the git repositories you want to sync. The
27 easiest way to manage these hooks is to put them into your `gitolite-admin`
28 repository, so enable the following line in `/home/git/.gitolite.rc`:
30 LOCAL_CODE => "$rc{GL_ADMIN_BASE}/local",
32 Make sure you read the [security note](http://gitolite.com/gitolite/non-core.html#pushcode)
33 concerning this configuration.
35 Furthermore, uncomment the `repo-specific-hooks` line in the rc file or add it
36 to the `ENABLE` list if it doesn't exist.
38 Now add a file called `local/hooks/repo-specific/git-mirror` to your
39 `gitolite-admin` repository, make it executable, and give it the following
43 exec ~/git-mirror/githook.py
45 For every repository you want to be synced, you can enable the hook by adding
46 the following line to its configuration in `conf/gitolite.conf`:
48 option hook.post-receive = git-mirror
50 (If you need multiple hooks here, you can separate them by spaces.)
52 Finally, you need to tell git-mirror where to sync incoming changes to this
53 repository to. Add a block like the following to `git-mirror.conf`:
56 owner = email@example.com
57 local = /home/git/repositories/repo-name.git
59 mirror-a = git@server2.example.com:repo-name.git
60 mirror-b = git@server2.example.org:the-repo.git
62 Here, `local` has to be set to the path where the repository is stored
63 locally. `deploy-key` is the name of the SSH key used for pushing the changes
64 to other repositories. `owner` is the e-mail-address that errors occurring
65 during synchronization are sent to. And finally, the URLs to push to are given
66 by `mirror-<something>`. If these other servers also run gitolite and have a
67 symmetric setup, then no matter where a change is pushed, git-mirror will
68 forward it to all the other repositories.
72 If one of the to-be-synced repositories is on GitHub, you can obviously not use
73 the procedure above to sync changes that are arriving at GitHub, to the other
74 repositories. Instead, we will use a webhook, such that GitHub tells your server
75 that a change happened, and then your server can pull the changes to its local
76 repository and synchronize all the others. This assumes that the server running
77 the webhook also hosts one of the copies of the git repository.
79 First of all, you will have to configure your webserver to run `webhook.py` as
80 CGI script. Consult the webserver documentation for more details.
82 Secondly, `webhook.py` needs to be able to find the main git-mirror scripts,
83 and it needs to be able to execute them as the `git` user. For the first
84 point, open `webhook.py` and change `webhook_core` to point to the file
85 `webhook-core.py` in your git-mirror clone. If your installation matches the
86 paths I used above, that should already be the case. For the second point,
87 `webhook.py` is using `sudo` to elevate its privileges. You need to tell
88 `sudo` that this is all right, by creating a file
89 `/etc/sudoers.d/git-mirror` with content:
91 www-data ALL=(git) NOPASSWD: /home/git/git-mirror/webhook-core.py
93 Now, if you visit `https://example.com/git-mirror/webhook.py` (replace with
94 your URL), the script should run and tell you `Repository missing or not
97 The next step is to add this as a webhook to the GitHub repository you want to
98 sync with, to create a fresh SSH key and configure it as deployment key for the
99 repository, and to configure git-mirror accordingly. For additional security,
100 one should also configure a shared HMAC secret, such that the webhook can verify
101 that the data indeed comes from GitHub. On the git-mirror side, the HMAC secret
102 is configured with the `hmac-secret` repository option.
104 To make your job easier, there is a script `github-add-hooks.py` that can do
105 all this for you. It assumes that the repository exists on the GitHub side, but
106 has not yet been configured for git-mirror at all.
108 To give the script access to your repositories, you need to create an access
109 token for it. Go to "Personal Access Tokens" in your GitHub configuration, and
110 create a new token with the permissions `admin:repo_hook` and `public_repo`.
111 Add the token and the webhook URL to the top part of `git-mirror.conf` (right
112 below `mail-sender`):
114 github-token = pastethetokenhere
115 webhook-url = https://example.com/git-mirror/webhook.py
117 Now you can call the automatic setup script as follows:
119 ./github-add-hooks.py -o UserName -e email@example.com \
120 -l ~/repositories/repo-name.git/ -n github-repo-name
122 Notice that the username is case-sensitive! This will do all the setup
123 on the GitHub side, and it will add an appropriate configuration block
124 to your local `git-mirror.conf`. You still have to manually add the
125 local git hook to gitolite. Once you are done, any push happening to
126 either gitolite or GitHub will be visible on the other side
127 immediately. This applies even to pull requests that you merge in the
128 GitHub web interface.
132 You can find the sources in the [git
133 repository](https://git.ralfj.de/git-mirror.git) (also available
134 [on GitHub](https://github.com/RalfJung/git-mirror)). Guess what, the
135 two are synced with this tool ;-) . They are provided under a
137 license](http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php). See the file
138 `LICENSE-BSD` for more details.
142 If you found a bug, or want to leave a comment, please [send me a
143 mail](mailto:post-AT-ralfj-DOT-de). I'm also happy about pull requests