X-Git-Url: https://git.ralfj.de/web.git/blobdiff_plain/1f0413b8b626f2b69ec468a119603daa67656ab1..7ff1b70ad9e1b46795a9502a520286c12af132e4:/personal/_posts/2019-07-14-uninit.md diff --git a/personal/_posts/2019-07-14-uninit.md b/personal/_posts/2019-07-14-uninit.md index 7d056c7..bbb1468 100644 --- a/personal/_posts/2019-07-14-uninit.md +++ b/personal/_posts/2019-07-14-uninit.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ --- title: '"What The Hardware Does" is not What Your Program Does: Uninitialized Memory' -categories: rust research +categories: rust research programming forum: https://internals.rust-lang.org/t/what-the-hardware-does-is-not-what-your-program-does-uninitialized-memory/10561 --- @@ -36,20 +36,22 @@ Here is an example to demonstrate why "random bit pattern" cannot describe unini use std::mem; fn always_returns_true(x: u8) -> bool { - x < 150 || x > 120 + x < 120 || x == 120 || x > 120 } fn main() { - let x: u8 = unsafe { mem::uninitialized() }; + let x: u8 = unsafe { mem::MaybeUninit::uninit().assume_init() }; assert!(always_returns_true(x)); } {% endhighlight %} +**Update (2022-11-17):** Switched to `MaybeUninit` to keep the example working in newer versions of Rust. + `always_returns_true` is a function that, clearly, will return `true` for any possible 8-bit unsigned integer. -After all, *every* possible value for `x` will be less than 150 or bigger than 120. -A quick loop [confirms this](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=release&edition=2018&gist=58168009e601a2f01b08981f907a473c). -However, if you [run the example](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=release&edition=2018&gist=da278adb50142d14909df74ea1e43069), you can see the assertion fail.[^godbolt] +After all, *every* possible value for `x` will be either less than 120, equal to 120, or bigger than 120. +A quick loop [confirms this](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=release&edition=2018&gist=65b690fa3c1691e11d4d45955358cdbe). +However, if you [run the example](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=stable&mode=release&edition=2018&gist=c17d299cacd626c572def0c4262aed69), you can see the assertion fail.[^godbolt] -[^godbolt]: In case this changes with future Rust versions, [here is the same example on godbolt](https://godbolt.org/z/JX4B4N); the `xor eax, eax` indicates that the function returns 0, aka `false`. And [here is a version for C++](https://godbolt.org/z/PvZGQB); imagine calling `make_true(true)` which *should* always return `true` but as the assembly shows will return `false`. +[^godbolt]: In case this changes with future Rust versions, [here is the same example on godbolt](https://godbolt.org/z/9G67hP); the `xor eax, eax` indicates that the function returns 0, aka `false`. And [here is a version for C++](https://godbolt.org/z/TWrvcq). ## What *is* uninitialized memory?