X-Git-Url: https://git.ralfj.de/rust-101.git/blobdiff_plain/5baae0ea037ed642b7fe8975fb3004b29827d5b1..98765a4ec4731843578d0631f5a10b5d876549f2:/src/part14.rs diff --git a/src/part14.rs b/src/part14.rs index eb2011a..e16837c 100644 --- a/src/part14.rs +++ b/src/part14.rs @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ //@ `[T]` is the type of an (unsized) *array*, with elements of type `T`. All this means is that there's a contiguous //@ region of memory, where a bunch of `T` are stored. How many? We can't tell! This is an unsized type. Just like for //@ trait objects, this means we can only operate on pointers to that type, and these pointers will carry the missing -//@ information - namely, the length. Such a pointer is called a *slice*. As we will see, a slice can be split. -//@ Our function can thus take a borrowed slice, and promise to sort all elements in there. +//@ information - namely, the length (they will be *fat pointers*). Such a reference to an array is called a *slice*. As we will see, a slice can be split. +//@ Our function can thus take a mutable slice, and promise to sort all elements in there. pub fn sort(data: &mut [T]) { if data.len() < 2 { return; } @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub fn sort(data: &mut [T]) { // Finally, we split our slice to sort the two halves. The nice part about slices is that splitting them is cheap: //@ They are just a pointer to a start address, and a length. We can thus get two pointers, one at the beginning and //@ one in the middle, and set the lengths appropriately such that they don't overlap. This is what `split_at_mut` does. - //@ Since the two slices don't overlap, there is no aliasing and we can have them both mutably borrowed. + //@ Since the two slices don't overlap, there is no aliasing and we can have both of them as unique, mutable slices. let (part1, part2) = data.split_at_mut(lpos); //@ The index operation can not only be used to address certain elements, it can also be used for *slicing*: Giving a range //@ of indices, and obtaining an appropriate part of the slice we started with. Here, we remove the last element from @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ fn sort_nums(data: &mut Vec) { } // ## Arrays -//@ An *array* in Rust is given be the type `[T; n]`, where `n` is some *fixed* number. So, `[f64; 10]` is an array of 10 floating-point +//@ An *array* in Rust is given by the type `[T; n]`, where `n` is some *fixed* number. So, `[f64; 10]` is an array of 10 floating-point //@ numbers, all one right next to the other in memory. Arrays are sized, and hence can be used like any other type. But we can also //@ borrow them as slices, e.g., to sort them. fn sort_array() { @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ fn sort_array() { // ## External Dependencies //@ This leaves us with just one more piece to complete rgrep: Taking arguments from the command-line. We could now directly work on -//@ [`std::env::args`](http://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/env/fn.args.html) to gain access to those arguments, and this would become +//@ [`std::env::args`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/env/fn.args.html) to gain access to those arguments, and this would become //@ a pretty boring lesson in string manipulation. Instead, I want to use this opportunity to show how easy it is to benefit from //@ other people's work in your program. //@ @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ pub mod rgrep { // We also import some other pieces that we will need. extern crate docopt; use self::docopt::Docopt; - use part12::{run, Options, OutputMode}; + use part13::{run, Options, OutputMode}; use std::process; // The `USAGE` string documents how the program is to be called. It's written in a format that `docopt` can parse. @@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ Options: //@ encoded string, that is, a bunch of bytes in memory (`[u8]`) that are valid according of UTF-8. `str` is unsized. `&str` //@ stores the address of the character data, and their length. String literals like "this one" are //@ of type `&'static str`: They point right to the constant section of the binary, so - //@ However, the borrow is valid for as long as the program runs, hence it has lifetime `'static`. Calling - //@ `to_string` will copy the string data into an owned buffer on the heap, and thus convert it to `String`. + //@ the reference is valid for the entire program. The bytes pointed to by `pattern`, on the other hand, are owned by someone else, + //@ and we call `to_string` on it to copy the string data into a buffer on the heap that we own. let mode = if count { OutputMode::Count } else if sort { @@ -159,4 +159,4 @@ Options: // the pattern to regular-expression mode, and change `filter_lines` to honor this option. The documentation of regex is available from its crates.io site. // (You won't be able to use the `regex!` macro if you are on the stable or beta channel of Rust. But it wouldn't help for our use-case anyway.) -//@ [index](main.html) | [previous](part13.html) | [next](part15.html) +//@ [index](main.html) | [previous](part13.html) | [raw source](https://www.ralfj.de/git/rust-101.git/blob_plain/HEAD:/workspace/src/part14.rs) | [next](part15.html)